MSME Development and Economic Transformation among Former Tin Mining Communities in Bangka Belitung

Frans Tory Damara Pradipta; Hosea Alfandi Irawan; Subri Rahmadani

doi:10.55980/esber.v4i3.442

Authors

Frans Tory Damara Pradipta Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Bangka Belitung, Bangka, Indonesia
Hosea Alfandi Irawan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Bangka Belitung, Bangka, Indonesia
Subri Rahmadani Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Bangka Belitung, Bangka, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55980/esber.v4i3.442

Keywords:

MSMEs, Post-Mining Economy, Livelihood Diversification, Community Empowerment, Bangka Belitung

Abstract

Tin mining dependence in Bangka Belitung, Indonesia, raises questions about whether micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) can support sustained livelihood diversification as mining opportunities decline. This review examines the relationship between MSME development and post-mining economic transformation, focusing on environmental recovery, access to productive resources, community capabilities, and institutional support. The reviewed literature is synthesized to distinguish opportunities for alternative income generation from evidence of sustained livelihood change. Tourism, agriculture, fisheries processing, and small-scale manufacturing offer potential diversification pathways. However, evidence of sectoral opportunities and training participation does not independently establish business continuity, economic independence, or reduced mining dependence. Environmental degradation, contested resource access, and uneven institutional support further complicate livelihood transitions. The synthesis indicates that diversification should be assessed through the interaction of enterprise opportunities and the conditions sustaining them, rather than through business creation alone. The review contributes an analytical framework distinguishing livelihood adaptation from longer-term economic transformation. It identifies the need for longitudinal evidence linking enterprise continuity, household income stability, and changes in mining participation. For policy, the framework directs attention to coordination between environmental rehabilitation, enterprise support, and equitable access to productive assets.

References

Adiatma, I., Bambang, A. N., & Purnaweni, H. (2013). Peralihan Mata Pencaharian Sebagai Bentuk Adaptasi (Studi Kasus: Desa Batu Belubang, Bangka). Teknik, 34(2), 123. https://doi.org/10.14710/teknik.v34i2.5637

Bennett, N. J., Blythe, J., White, C. S., & Campero, C. (2021). Blue growth and blue justice: Ten risks and solutions for the ocean economy. Marine Policy, 125, 104387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104387

Damayanti, A., Salsabila, A. P., & Pramasha, R. R. (2023). Pengaruh Pertambangan Timah Terhadap Lingkungan Dan Masyarakat Studi Kasus Di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. IJEN: Indonesian Journal of Economy and Education Economy, 01(02), 195–210.

Folke, C., Carpenter, S. R., Walker, B., Scheffer, M., Chapin, T., & Rockström, J. (2010). Resilience thinking: Integrating resilience, adaptability and transformability. Ecology and Society, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-03610-150420

Hansen-Addy, A. E., Parrilli, D. M., & Tingbani, I. (2024). The impact of trade facilitation on African SMEs’ performance. Small Business Economics, 62(1), 105–131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-023-00756-4

Haryadi, D., Ibrahim, & Darwance. (2023). Environmental Improvement Policy through the obligation of post-tin mining reclamation in the islands of Bangka Belitung. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1175(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1175/1/012021

Irawan, H. A. (2026a). PLTN Beriga-Gelasa Sebagai Jalan Keluar Transisi Energi: Kritik Berbasis Bukti Terhadap Penolakan Absolut Dan Model Pembangunan Nuklir Berkeadilan. Indonesian Journal of Innovation Multidisipliner Research, 4(2), 3877–3887. https://doi.org/10.69693/ijim.v4i2.906

Irawan, H. A. (2026b). Politik Prefiguratif dalam Tata Kelola Energi Terbarukan Komunitas. Indonesian Journal of Innovation Multidisipliner Research, 4(2), 5232–5242. https://doi.org/10.69693/ijim.v4i2.1067

Irawan, H. A., & Robing, R. (2025). Oil Palm Plasma Conflict and Clientelism Politics in Tanjung Labu Village, Lepar Island. Journal of Politics and Democracy, 5(1), 14–24. https://doi.org/10.61183/polikrasi.v5i1.105

Kaźmierczak, U., Strzałkowski, P., Lorenc, M. W., Szumska, E., Sánchez, A. A. P., & Baker, K. A. C. (2019). Post-mining Remnants and Revitalization. Geoheritage, 11(4), 2025–2044. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-019-00408-8

Kusumawati, I., & Ramadani, R. (2024). Analisis Yuridis Peran Tambang Timah Ilegal Sebagai Sumber Mata Pencaharian Ekonomi Masyarakat Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Kultura, 2(11), 748–759.

Measham, T., Walker, J., Haslam McKenzie, F., Kirby, J., Williams, C., D’Urso, J., Littleboy, A., Samper, A., Rey, R., Maybee, B., Brereton, D., & Boggs, G. (2024). Beyond closure: A literature review and research agenda for post-mining transitions. Resources Policy, 90(February), 104859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.104859

Muhdar, M., Simarmata, R., & Nasir, M. (2023). Legal policy preference for coal mining over other land use alternatives jeopardizes sustainability in Indonesia. Journal of Land Use Science, 18(1), 395–408. https://doi.org/10.1080/1747423X.2023.2264845

Newig, J., Jager, N. W., Challies, E., & Kochskämper, E. (2023). Does stakeholder participation improve environmental governance? Evidence from a meta-analysis of 305 case studies. Global Environmental Change, 82(May). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102705

Nurtjahya, E., Agustina, F., & Putri, W. A. E. (2008). Neraca Ekologi Penambangan Timah Di Pulau Bangka Studi Kasus Pengalihan Fungsi Lahan di Ekosistem Darat. Berkala Penelitian Hayati, 14(1), 29–38. https://doi.org/10.23869/bphjbr.14.1.20085

Pradipta, F. T. D. (2026a). Politik Hukum Tata Kelola Pertambangan Timah Dalam Perspektif Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. JURNAL SUTASOMA, 4(2), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.58878/sutasoma.v4i2.455

Pradipta, F. T. D. (2026b). Public Transportation Policy Analysis To Reduce Private Vehicle Dependence In Pangkalpinang City And Bangka Regency. Irpia : Jurnal Ilmiah Riset Dan Pengembangan, 11(2), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.71040/jirp.v11i2.323

Pradipta, F. T. D., Aliyah, Sofiyanty, S., Harahap, R. O., Sulaiman, A., Hidayat, N., & Bin Raja Sulong, R. H. (2026). The Formation of Chinese Ethnic Political Representation through Social Recognition in Local Public Spaces in Bangka Regency. Journal of Southern Sociological Studies, 2(2), 178–200. https://doi.org/10.26740/jsss.v2i2.56633

Pradipta, T. D., Aliyah, A., Sofiyanti, S., Ramadhan, G., & Harahap, R. O. (2026). Social Cohesion and Political Participation among Malay and Chinese Ethnic Communities in Sungailiat District, Bangka Regency. Panrita Journal of Civic Education, 1(1), 1–11.

Rahmadani, S., & Pradipta, F. T. D. (2026). Pembelajaran Pertanian Berbasis Potensi Lokal bagi Anak di Wilayah Pertambangan Timah Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung : Kajian Literatur Integratif. Tunas Cendekia: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 9(1), 102–116.

Reno Ismanto, Danni, R., & Tauratiya. (2024). Pemberdayaan Eks Penambang Timah Ilegal Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Batako Dan Paving Block Di Kabupaten Bangka. GERVASI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 8(2), 475–486. https://doi.org/10.31571/gervasi.v8i2.7722

Sabri, F., Reniati, R., & Suhardi, S. (2018). Model Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Kolong Bekas Tambang Timah Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Sosialekonomi Masyarakat Menuju Green Economy Development Di Desa Parit Padang Kecamatan Sungailiat Kabupaten Bangka. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Bangka Belitung, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.33019/jpu.v2i2.129

Sikor, T., Martin, A., Fisher, J., & He, J. (2014). Toward an Empirical Analysis of Justice in Ecosystem Governance. Conservation Letters, 7(6), 524–532. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12142

Stam, E., & van de Ven, A. (2021). Entrepreneurial ecosystem elements. Small Business Economics, 56(2), 809–832. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00270-6

Sulista, S. (2019). Tambang inkonvensional: Peran masyarakat dan daya tarik ekonomi bagi penambang. Jurnal Teknologi Mineral Dan Batubara, 15(1), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.30556/jtmb.Vol15.No1.2019.348

Sutrisno, A. D., Chen, Y.-J., Suryawan, I. W. K., & Lee, C.-H. (2023). Building a Community’s Adaptive Capacity for Post-Mining Plans Based on Important Performance Analysis: Case Study from Indonesia. Land, 12(7), 1285. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12071285

Syahrir, R., Wall, F., & Diallo, P. (2020). Socio-economic impacts and sustainability of mining, a case study of the historical tin mining in Singkep Island-Indonesia. The Extractive Industries and Society, 7(4), 1525–1533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2020.07.023

Torm, N., & Oehme, M. (2024). Social protection and formalization in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review of the literature. World Development, 181(118), 106662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106662

Tory, F., Pradipta, D., Damara, T., Pengakuan, P., & Ulayat, T. (2026). Problematika Pengakuan Tanah Ulayat Masyarakat Minangkabau dalam Perspektif Hukum Administrasi Negara serta Disharmonisasi Regulasi Disharmonisasi Regulasi. BELEID: Journal of Administrative Law and Public Policy, 4(1), 117–139.

Vela-Almeida, D., & Karlsen, A. (2023). Reinforcing path marginalization: revealing the unaccounted labour organization at a mining frontier in Indonesia. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 16(3), 481–494. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad018

Weldegiorgis, F. S. (2023). The interplay of mineral and energy security: A nexus approach to Africa’s economic diversification. Energy Research and Social Science, 106(May), 103336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2023.103336

Worden, S., Svobodova, K., Côte, C., & Bolz, P. (2024). Regional post-mining land use assessment: An interdisciplinary and multi-stakeholder approach. Resources Policy, 89(May 2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.104680

Young, R. E., Gann, G. D., Walder, B., Liu, J., Cui, W., Newton, V., Nelson, C. R., Tashe, N., Jasper, D., Silveira, F. A. O., Carrick, P. J., Hägglund, T., Carlsén, S., & Dixon, K. (2022). International principles and standards for the ecological restoration and recovery of mine sites. Restoration Ecology, 30(S2). https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13771